The remains of the ziggurat were rediscovered by William Loftus in 1850. King Nabonidus, the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire in the 6th century BC, after "finding little left but the last stage and nothing to guide him as to the monument's original appearance", had it restored in seven stages rather than three. During his 48-year reign, the city of Ur grew to be the capital of a state controlling much of Mesopotamia. The construction of the ziggurat was finished in the 21st century BC by King Shulgi, who, in order to win the allegiance of cities, proclaimed himself a god. The ziggurat was a piece in a temple complex that served as an administrative center for the city, and which was a shrine of the moon god Nanna, the patron deity of Ur.
The height is speculative, as only the foundations of the Sumerian ziggurat have survived. The massive step pyramid measured 64 m (210 ft) in length, 45 m (148 ft) in width and over 30 m (98 ft) in height. The ziggurat was built by King Ur-Nammu, who dedicated it in honour of Nanna/Sîn in approximately the 21st century BC ( short chronology) during the Third Dynasty of Ur. Sumerian ziggurat Drawing of the Ziggurat of Ur, Iraq, by Marjorie V. It is one of three well-preserved structures of the Neo-Sumerian city of Ur, along with the Royal Mausolea and the Palace of Ur-Nammu (the E-hursag). The Ziggurat of Ur is the best-preserved of those known from Mesopotamia, besides the ziggurat of Dur Untash ( Chogha Zanbil). Under Saddam Hussein in the 1980s, they were encased by a partial reconstruction of the façade and the monumental staircase. Its remains were excavated in the 1920s and 1930s by Sir Leonard Woolley. The structure was built during the Early Bronze Age (21st century BC) but had crumbled to ruins by the 6th century BC of the Neo-Babylonian period, when it was restored by King Nabonidus. The Ziggurat (or Great Ziggurat) of Ur ( Sumerian: 𒂍𒋼𒅎𒅍 é-temen-ní-gùru "Etemenniguru", meaning "temple whose foundation creates aura") is a Neo-Sumerian ziggurat in what was the city of Ur near Nasiriyah, in present-day Dhi Qar Province, Iraq.
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